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Ontologies in Urban Development Projects.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextSeries: Publisher: London : Springer London, Limited, 2011Copyright date: ©2011Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (238 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9780857297242
Subject(s): Genre/Form: DDC classification:
  • 620.00420285
Online resources:
Contents:
Intro -- Ontologies in Urban Development Projects -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Ontology Fundamentals -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Ontologies in Information Science -- 1.1.1 Defining Ontologies -- 1.1.2 Current State of Ontologies and Ontology Engineering -- 1.2 Ontologies in the Urban Domain -- 1.3 Structure of the Book -- References -- Chapter 2: An Introduction to Ontologies and Ontology Engineering -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Ontology Classifications -- 2.2.1 Classification Based on Language Expressivity and Formality -- 2.2.1.1 Information Ontologies -- Language: Mind Map -- Example: Information Ontology of Architectural Design -- Example: Information Ontology of Urban Planning -- Example: Information Ontology of Construction Project -- 2.2.1.2 Linguistic/Terminological Ontologies -- Language: Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) -- Language: Resource Description Framework (RDF) -- Example: URBAMET Thesaurus. Urban Planning, Housing and Construction News and Records -- Example: GEMET Thesaurus -- Example: Agrovoc Thesaurus -- Example: HEREIN Thesaurus -- Example: DesignScape Project -- 2.2.1.3 Software Ontologies -- Language: Unified Modeling Language (UML) -- Example: Industry Foundation Classes -- 2.2.1.4 Formal Ontologies -- Language: Web Ontology Language (OWL) -- Example: Formal Ontology About Urban Development and Civil Engineering -- Example: Formal Ontology for the Korean Architectural Domain -- Example: CoBra Ontology -- 2.2.2 Classification Based on the Scope of the Ontology, or on the Domain Granularity -- 2.2.2.1 Local Ontologies /Application Ontologies -- 2.2.2.2 Domain Ontologies -- Example: Urban Sprawl Ontology -- 2.2.2.3 Core Reference Ontologies -- Example: Hydrontology -- Example: CityGML -- 2.2.2.4 General Ontologies -- Example: OpenCyc Ontology.
2.2.2.5 Foundational Ontologies /Top Level Ontologies/Upper Level Ontologies -- Example: Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) -- Example: Socio Cultural Ontology -- Example: Geography Markup Language GML -- 2.3 Different Ontology Design Approaches -- 2.3.1 Classification Based on Taxonomy Construction Direction -- 2.3.1.1 Bottom Up Approaches -- Example: Spatial Database Ontology -- Example: Urban Network Ontology -- Example: The Phenomen Ontology -- 2.3.1.2 Top Down Approaches -- Example: Socio Cultural Ontology -- Example: Urban Morphological Process Ontology -- 2.3.1.3 Middle Out Approaches -- Example: Hydrotonlogy -- 2.3.2 Classification Based on the Type of Sources -- 2.3.2.1 Based on Text -- 2.3.2.2 Based on Thesaurus -- 2.3.2.3 Based on Relational Database -- 2.3.2.4 Based on UML Diagrams -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Ontologies for Interoperability -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Lexical Interoperability in Document Management System -- 3.2.1 Example: URBAMET Databank -- 3.2.2 Example: The FAO Case Study of the NEON Project -- 3.2.3 Example: The GEO Semantic Web Communities of the Italian "Three Lake Region" -- 3.3 Data Interoperability Between a Software Chain: Definition of a Data Exchange Format -- 3.3.1 Example: Building Information Models -- 3.3.2 Example: French Data Reference Centre for Water -- 3.3.3 Example: Farm Information Management Project -- 3.4 Knowledge Model Interoperability for Life Cycle System (Object Type Interoperability) -- 3.4.1 Example: ODGIS -- 3.4.2 Example: User Adapted Interface Development -- 3.4.3 Example: MDA -- 3.5 Object Interoperability: A Global System Related to Heterogeneous Local Systems -- 3.5.1 Example: Forum -- 3.5.2 Example IGN-E Case : The Phenomen Ontology -- 3.5.3 Example: Integration of 3D City Models and Air Quality Models -- 3.6 Conclusion.
References -- Chapter 4: Ontology Alignment in the Urban Domain -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Heterogeneity in Urban Problems -- 4.2.1 Syntactic Heterogeneity -- 4.2.2 Terminological Heterogeneity -- 4.2.3 Conceptual Heterogeneity -- 4.2.4 Semiotic Heterogeneity -- 4.2.5 Terminology in Ontology Alignment -- 4.2.6 Ontology Alignment Approaches -- 4.2.7 Overview of Ontology Alignment Tools -- 4.2.7.1 Overview of Viewpoints Confrontation Systems -- 4.2.7.2 The Hyppodamos Tool -- 4.2.8 Conclusion: Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Chapter 5: Ontologies and Multilingualism -- 5.1 Introduction: Ontologies and Natural Languages -- 5.1.1 Theoretical Connections -- 5.1.2 Practical Connections -- 5.1.3 Multilingualism -- 5.1.4 Ontologies and Point of Views -- 5.2 Approaches to Multilingualism in Ontologies -- 5.2.1 The Basic Concept-Centric Approach -- 5.2.2 Concept-Centric with Structured Linguistic Elements -- 5.2.3 Interconnection and Alignment Approach -- 5.3 Applications of Multilingual Ontologies -- 5.3.1 Finding and Checking Translations -- 5.3.2 Multilingual Information Retrieval -- 5.3.3 Semantic Annotation of Documents -- 5.4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Part II: Ontologies in the Urban Domain -- Chapter 6: Ontologies in the Geographic Information Sector -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Ontologies in GI -- 6.3 Ontologies as a Way to Solve Interoperability Issues -- 6.3.1 Ontology-Based Discovery and Retrieval of Geographic Information -- 6.3.2 Data Integration in Heterogeneous Spatial Databases -- 6.3.3 Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems -- 6.4 Practical Case Studies -- 6.4.1 Development of a Domain Ontology to Facilitate Interoperability in the Context of Hydrography -- 6.4.2 An Ontology Extraction Bottom-Up Approach in a Spatial Database Reengineering Project -- 6.4.3 Enabling Geolocating via Ontologies -- 6.5 Conclusions.
6.6 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Chapter 7: Ontologies for Interconnecting Urban Models -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Urban Information: Modeling and Interconnection Issues -- 7.3 Urban Information: Ontologies or Conceptual Schemas? -- 7.4 Interconnection of Urban Models Through Ontologies -- 7.5 Creation of the Ontologies -- 7.5.1 Ontology of CityGML -- 7.5.2 Ontology of Urban Planning Process OUPP -- 7.5.2.1 Identification of the Purpose and the Scope of the Ontology -- 7.5.2.2 Construction of the Ontology -- Ontology Capture -- Ontology Coding -- Integration of Existing Ontologies (If Any) -- 7.5.2.3 Evaluation of the Ontology -- 7.5.2.4 Documentation of the Ontology -- 7.5.3 Ontology of Air Quality Model -- 7.6 Interconnection of the Ontologies -- 7.6.1 Simple Case: Direct Interconnection -- 7.6.2 Complex Case: Interconnection Through an Articulation or Mediator Ontology -- 7.7 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- 7.8 Conclusion and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 8: Call for LOD - Linking Scales and Providers Through Digital Spatial Representations -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Industry Standards of Various Scales -- 8.2.1 Urban Scale -- 8.2.2 Building Scale -- 8.2.3 Product Scale -- 8.3 Interoperability -- 8.4 BIM and Overwhelming Spatial Knowledge -- 8.5 Consumers' Pull of Product Scale -- 8.6 Scale Leaps Through the Universe -- 8.7 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Chapter 9: Ontology-Based Interoperability in Knowledge-Based Communication Systems -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge-Based Systems and Ontologies -- 9.3 A Top Level Socio-Cultural Ontology -- 9.4 Types of Dialog in Information Systems -- 9.4.1 Expert Systems for Providing Intelligent Advice -- 9.4.2 Ontology-Based Support for Dialogue in Chats -- 9.5 Conclusions, Open Problems and Research Challenges.
References -- Chapter 10: Transformation of Urban Knowledge Sources to Ontologies -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 State of the Art in Ontology Learning -- 10.2.1 Transformation of Corpora into Ontologies -- 10.2.2 Transformation of Dictionaries into Ontologies -- 10.2.3 Transformation of Schemata into Ontologies -- 10.2.4 Transformation of Thesauri into Ontologies -- 10.3 Practical Use Cases -- 10.3.1 Use of Text Mining Techniques -- 10.3.2 Merging of Thesauri -- 10.4 Conclusions -- 10.5 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Part III: Case Studies -- Chapter 11: Developing and Using Ontologies in Practice -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 The Case Studies -- 11.2.1 Methodology and Analysis of Case Studies -- 11.2.2 Selection of Case Studies -- Chapter 12: URMOPRO: An Example of an Urban Ontology for the Formalization of Morphological Processes -- 12.1 Context -- 12.2 Purpose and Aims -- 12.3 Scope -- 12.3.1 Conceptual Boundaries -- 12.3.2 Geographical Scale -- 12.3.3 Time Frame -- 12.4 Actors -- 12.4.1 Stakeholders -- 12.5 Methods of Development -- 12.5.1 Approaches -- 12.5.1.1 Sources -- 12.5.1.2 Tools -- 12.6 Contents of the Ontology -- 12.7 Usability -- 12.8 Benefits -- 12.9 Lessons Learned and Perspectives of Improvement -- References -- Chapter 13: OUR City Cohesion Policies: Practices of Ontologies for Urban Regeneration (OUR): The Case of the Puglia Region -- 13.1 Context -- 13.2 OUR Domain of Application: Significant Elements of Urban Regeneration and Its Multiple Dimension -- 13.3 Conceptual Boundaries -- 13.4 Purpose and Aims of a Possible Ontology for Urban Regeneration (OUR) -- 13.5 OUR (in) Practice: Geographical Scale, Context Bonds and Content of the Ontology -- 13.6 Lessons Learned: User Needs and Requirements -- 13.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: An Ontology for Urban Mobility -- 14.1 Context.
14.2 Purpose and Aims of Ontology.
Summary: Here is an interdisciplinary study of ontology engineering and its application in urban development projects, which includes case studies of the development of ontologies for urban mobility, urban morphological processes, road systems, and cultural heritage.
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Intro -- Ontologies in Urban Development Projects -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Ontology Fundamentals -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Ontologies in Information Science -- 1.1.1 Defining Ontologies -- 1.1.2 Current State of Ontologies and Ontology Engineering -- 1.2 Ontologies in the Urban Domain -- 1.3 Structure of the Book -- References -- Chapter 2: An Introduction to Ontologies and Ontology Engineering -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Ontology Classifications -- 2.2.1 Classification Based on Language Expressivity and Formality -- 2.2.1.1 Information Ontologies -- Language: Mind Map -- Example: Information Ontology of Architectural Design -- Example: Information Ontology of Urban Planning -- Example: Information Ontology of Construction Project -- 2.2.1.2 Linguistic/Terminological Ontologies -- Language: Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) -- Language: Resource Description Framework (RDF) -- Example: URBAMET Thesaurus. Urban Planning, Housing and Construction News and Records -- Example: GEMET Thesaurus -- Example: Agrovoc Thesaurus -- Example: HEREIN Thesaurus -- Example: DesignScape Project -- 2.2.1.3 Software Ontologies -- Language: Unified Modeling Language (UML) -- Example: Industry Foundation Classes -- 2.2.1.4 Formal Ontologies -- Language: Web Ontology Language (OWL) -- Example: Formal Ontology About Urban Development and Civil Engineering -- Example: Formal Ontology for the Korean Architectural Domain -- Example: CoBra Ontology -- 2.2.2 Classification Based on the Scope of the Ontology, or on the Domain Granularity -- 2.2.2.1 Local Ontologies /Application Ontologies -- 2.2.2.2 Domain Ontologies -- Example: Urban Sprawl Ontology -- 2.2.2.3 Core Reference Ontologies -- Example: Hydrontology -- Example: CityGML -- 2.2.2.4 General Ontologies -- Example: OpenCyc Ontology.

2.2.2.5 Foundational Ontologies /Top Level Ontologies/Upper Level Ontologies -- Example: Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) -- Example: Socio Cultural Ontology -- Example: Geography Markup Language GML -- 2.3 Different Ontology Design Approaches -- 2.3.1 Classification Based on Taxonomy Construction Direction -- 2.3.1.1 Bottom Up Approaches -- Example: Spatial Database Ontology -- Example: Urban Network Ontology -- Example: The Phenomen Ontology -- 2.3.1.2 Top Down Approaches -- Example: Socio Cultural Ontology -- Example: Urban Morphological Process Ontology -- 2.3.1.3 Middle Out Approaches -- Example: Hydrotonlogy -- 2.3.2 Classification Based on the Type of Sources -- 2.3.2.1 Based on Text -- 2.3.2.2 Based on Thesaurus -- 2.3.2.3 Based on Relational Database -- 2.3.2.4 Based on UML Diagrams -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Ontologies for Interoperability -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Lexical Interoperability in Document Management System -- 3.2.1 Example: URBAMET Databank -- 3.2.2 Example: The FAO Case Study of the NEON Project -- 3.2.3 Example: The GEO Semantic Web Communities of the Italian "Three Lake Region" -- 3.3 Data Interoperability Between a Software Chain: Definition of a Data Exchange Format -- 3.3.1 Example: Building Information Models -- 3.3.2 Example: French Data Reference Centre for Water -- 3.3.3 Example: Farm Information Management Project -- 3.4 Knowledge Model Interoperability for Life Cycle System (Object Type Interoperability) -- 3.4.1 Example: ODGIS -- 3.4.2 Example: User Adapted Interface Development -- 3.4.3 Example: MDA -- 3.5 Object Interoperability: A Global System Related to Heterogeneous Local Systems -- 3.5.1 Example: Forum -- 3.5.2 Example IGN-E Case : The Phenomen Ontology -- 3.5.3 Example: Integration of 3D City Models and Air Quality Models -- 3.6 Conclusion.

References -- Chapter 4: Ontology Alignment in the Urban Domain -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Heterogeneity in Urban Problems -- 4.2.1 Syntactic Heterogeneity -- 4.2.2 Terminological Heterogeneity -- 4.2.3 Conceptual Heterogeneity -- 4.2.4 Semiotic Heterogeneity -- 4.2.5 Terminology in Ontology Alignment -- 4.2.6 Ontology Alignment Approaches -- 4.2.7 Overview of Ontology Alignment Tools -- 4.2.7.1 Overview of Viewpoints Confrontation Systems -- 4.2.7.2 The Hyppodamos Tool -- 4.2.8 Conclusion: Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Chapter 5: Ontologies and Multilingualism -- 5.1 Introduction: Ontologies and Natural Languages -- 5.1.1 Theoretical Connections -- 5.1.2 Practical Connections -- 5.1.3 Multilingualism -- 5.1.4 Ontologies and Point of Views -- 5.2 Approaches to Multilingualism in Ontologies -- 5.2.1 The Basic Concept-Centric Approach -- 5.2.2 Concept-Centric with Structured Linguistic Elements -- 5.2.3 Interconnection and Alignment Approach -- 5.3 Applications of Multilingual Ontologies -- 5.3.1 Finding and Checking Translations -- 5.3.2 Multilingual Information Retrieval -- 5.3.3 Semantic Annotation of Documents -- 5.4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Part II: Ontologies in the Urban Domain -- Chapter 6: Ontologies in the Geographic Information Sector -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Ontologies in GI -- 6.3 Ontologies as a Way to Solve Interoperability Issues -- 6.3.1 Ontology-Based Discovery and Retrieval of Geographic Information -- 6.3.2 Data Integration in Heterogeneous Spatial Databases -- 6.3.3 Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems -- 6.4 Practical Case Studies -- 6.4.1 Development of a Domain Ontology to Facilitate Interoperability in the Context of Hydrography -- 6.4.2 An Ontology Extraction Bottom-Up Approach in a Spatial Database Reengineering Project -- 6.4.3 Enabling Geolocating via Ontologies -- 6.5 Conclusions.

6.6 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Chapter 7: Ontologies for Interconnecting Urban Models -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Urban Information: Modeling and Interconnection Issues -- 7.3 Urban Information: Ontologies or Conceptual Schemas? -- 7.4 Interconnection of Urban Models Through Ontologies -- 7.5 Creation of the Ontologies -- 7.5.1 Ontology of CityGML -- 7.5.2 Ontology of Urban Planning Process OUPP -- 7.5.2.1 Identification of the Purpose and the Scope of the Ontology -- 7.5.2.2 Construction of the Ontology -- Ontology Capture -- Ontology Coding -- Integration of Existing Ontologies (If Any) -- 7.5.2.3 Evaluation of the Ontology -- 7.5.2.4 Documentation of the Ontology -- 7.5.3 Ontology of Air Quality Model -- 7.6 Interconnection of the Ontologies -- 7.6.1 Simple Case: Direct Interconnection -- 7.6.2 Complex Case: Interconnection Through an Articulation or Mediator Ontology -- 7.7 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- 7.8 Conclusion and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 8: Call for LOD - Linking Scales and Providers Through Digital Spatial Representations -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Industry Standards of Various Scales -- 8.2.1 Urban Scale -- 8.2.2 Building Scale -- 8.2.3 Product Scale -- 8.3 Interoperability -- 8.4 BIM and Overwhelming Spatial Knowledge -- 8.5 Consumers' Pull of Product Scale -- 8.6 Scale Leaps Through the Universe -- 8.7 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Chapter 9: Ontology-Based Interoperability in Knowledge-Based Communication Systems -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge-Based Systems and Ontologies -- 9.3 A Top Level Socio-Cultural Ontology -- 9.4 Types of Dialog in Information Systems -- 9.4.1 Expert Systems for Providing Intelligent Advice -- 9.4.2 Ontology-Based Support for Dialogue in Chats -- 9.5 Conclusions, Open Problems and Research Challenges.

References -- Chapter 10: Transformation of Urban Knowledge Sources to Ontologies -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 State of the Art in Ontology Learning -- 10.2.1 Transformation of Corpora into Ontologies -- 10.2.2 Transformation of Dictionaries into Ontologies -- 10.2.3 Transformation of Schemata into Ontologies -- 10.2.4 Transformation of Thesauri into Ontologies -- 10.3 Practical Use Cases -- 10.3.1 Use of Text Mining Techniques -- 10.3.2 Merging of Thesauri -- 10.4 Conclusions -- 10.5 Open Problems and Research Challenges -- References -- Part III: Case Studies -- Chapter 11: Developing and Using Ontologies in Practice -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 The Case Studies -- 11.2.1 Methodology and Analysis of Case Studies -- 11.2.2 Selection of Case Studies -- Chapter 12: URMOPRO: An Example of an Urban Ontology for the Formalization of Morphological Processes -- 12.1 Context -- 12.2 Purpose and Aims -- 12.3 Scope -- 12.3.1 Conceptual Boundaries -- 12.3.2 Geographical Scale -- 12.3.3 Time Frame -- 12.4 Actors -- 12.4.1 Stakeholders -- 12.5 Methods of Development -- 12.5.1 Approaches -- 12.5.1.1 Sources -- 12.5.1.2 Tools -- 12.6 Contents of the Ontology -- 12.7 Usability -- 12.8 Benefits -- 12.9 Lessons Learned and Perspectives of Improvement -- References -- Chapter 13: OUR City Cohesion Policies: Practices of Ontologies for Urban Regeneration (OUR): The Case of the Puglia Region -- 13.1 Context -- 13.2 OUR Domain of Application: Significant Elements of Urban Regeneration and Its Multiple Dimension -- 13.3 Conceptual Boundaries -- 13.4 Purpose and Aims of a Possible Ontology for Urban Regeneration (OUR) -- 13.5 OUR (in) Practice: Geographical Scale, Context Bonds and Content of the Ontology -- 13.6 Lessons Learned: User Needs and Requirements -- 13.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: An Ontology for Urban Mobility -- 14.1 Context.

14.2 Purpose and Aims of Ontology.

Here is an interdisciplinary study of ontology engineering and its application in urban development projects, which includes case studies of the development of ontologies for urban mobility, urban morphological processes, road systems, and cultural heritage.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2025. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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