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Mental Models and Human-Computer Interaction.

Av: Medverkande: Materialtyp: TextSerie: Utgivningsuppgift: San Diego : Elsevier Science & Technology, 1991Datum för upphovsrätt: ©1991Utgåva: 1st edBeskrivning: 1 online resource (423 pages)Innehållstyp:
  • text
Medietyp:
  • computer
Bärartyp:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9781483291031
Ämnen: Genre/form: DDK-klassifikation:
  • 004/.01/9
Onlineresurser:
Innehåll:
Front Cover -- Mental Models and Human-Computer Interaction 2 -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- PREFACE -- The Content of the Book -- PART 1: FROM THEORY TO DESIGN -- CHAPTER 1. THE IMPORTANCE OF MODELS IN MAKING COMPLEX SYSTEMS COMPREHENSIBLE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- High-functionality computer systems - examples of complex systems -- Cooperative problem solving systems -- Comprehensible systems -- Models -- Innovative system design efforts in making complex systems comprehensible -- JANUS: An example of an integrated, knowledge-based design environment -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- PART 2: METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS -- CHAPTER 2. MODELS OF MENTAL MODELS: AN ERGONOMIST - PSYCHOLOGIST DIALOGUE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- A starting point -- Knowledge representation -- Different approaches -- Pictures in the mind? -- Mental models within human factors -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 3. HOW TO T(R)AP USERS' MENTAL MODELS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Critical review of experimental methods for investigating users' models -- Five empirical studies on users' models -- Future work: process aspects of users' models -- References -- CHAPTER 4. MODELLING FOR ADAPTIVITY -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Why adaptive systems? -- A taxonomy of adaptivity -- What do adaptive systems need? -- How are adaptive systems to be built? -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 5. CONCURRENT USE OF DIFFERENT EXPERTIS EELICITATION METHODS APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF THE PROGRAMMING ACTIVITY -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- First approach by the researcher to the study object -- Example of results -- Study of the result of the activity: gathering programmers' knowledge -- Real time study of the programming activity -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References.
CHAPTER 6. ANALYSING COMPLEX TASKS WITH AN EXTENDED GOMS* MODEL -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- The extended GOMS* model -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 7. OBJECT-BASED ACTION PLANNING -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Modelling a system's functionality -- Modelling the system and the task world -- Complex task representation -- Modelling action planning -- Discussion -- References -- PART 3: EMPIRICAL RESULTS -- CHAPTER 8. DESIGN DECISIONS FOR A USER INTERFACE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Framework for the design of the metacommunicative aspects of user interface -- Functionality of a system for information retrieval -- Implementation of the user interface -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 9. MENTAL MODELS AND THE EVALUATION OF USER INTERFACES: A CASE-STUDY OF A LIBRARY SYSTEM -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Mental models -- Theoretical framework -- Implications -- The evaluation study -- Findings -- Discussion and conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 10. LEVEL OF EXPERIENCE IN TEXT-EDITING: THE ROLE OF MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS ON PERFORMANCE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Method -- Results -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 11. HOW TO PREDICT USER PERFORMANCE AND USER PREFERENCE WITH DIFFERENT INTERACTION TECHNIQUES? -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Experimental variation -- Models -- TAG model -- GOMS model -- Model parameters -- Results -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 12. A SCHEMA-BASED MODEL OF PROGRAM UNDERSTANDING -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- A model of program understanding -- Understanding failures -- Understanding strategies -- Conclusion -- References -- PART 4: MENTAL MODELS IN DESIGN -- CHAPTER 13. COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL: PRODUCTION RULES AND LEXICAL NETS -- ABSTRACT -- General description of the search process -- Simulation of the lexical processes.
Description of the query formulation by a production system -- References -- CHAPTER 14. MODELLING THE USER INTERACTION METHODS IMPOSED BY DESIGNS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Method -- Initial modelling results -- Additional analysis -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 15. USABILITY TESTING: A PRACTICAL USE FOR MENTAL MODEL CONSTRUCTION -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- The telephone user and usage -- Mental models and representation -- Mental models in telephone usage -- Simulation of the telephone user -- Implementation -- Discussion -- References -- PART 5: MENTAL MODELS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE -- CHAPTER 16. PLAN RECOGNITION IN HCl: THE PARSING OF USER ACTIONS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Plan recognition and the grammatical approach -- A comparison of different parsing strategies -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 17. INDUCTIVE KNOWLEGDE ACQUISITION FOR A UNIX COACH -- ABSTRACT -- Intelligent user support based on task knowledge -- LEXITAS: a language for representing task knowledge -- The FINIX application -- Acquisition of task knowledge by induction -- Machine learning aspects -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 18. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF CONSTRUCTING A MENTAL MODEL WHEN LEARNING BY BEING TOLD, FROM EXAMPLES, AND BY EXPLORATION -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- The construction of a mental model -- Knowledge utilization -- Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 19. DOMAIN REPRESENTATION AND STUDENT MODELING IN A MICROWORLD FOR ELASTIC IMPACTS -- ABSTRACT -- DiBi: a microworld for elastic impacts -- Domain representation and student modeling -- References -- CHAPTER 20. KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION AS AN OBJECTORIENTED MODELLING PROCESS -- ABSTRACT -- Knowledge acquisition -- Object-oriented modelling of knowledge -- Metasystems -- Digester and Informant -- The ZOO metasystem.
Accommodation of meta-level knowledge using ZOO -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 21. ARISTOTELIAN SYLLOGISMS IN MENTAL MODELS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Description of the problem -- Representation of syllogisms by graphs -- Extension of the model -- References -- AUTHOR INDEX -- SUBJECT INDEX.
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Front Cover -- Mental Models and Human-Computer Interaction 2 -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- PREFACE -- The Content of the Book -- PART 1: FROM THEORY TO DESIGN -- CHAPTER 1. THE IMPORTANCE OF MODELS IN MAKING COMPLEX SYSTEMS COMPREHENSIBLE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- High-functionality computer systems - examples of complex systems -- Cooperative problem solving systems -- Comprehensible systems -- Models -- Innovative system design efforts in making complex systems comprehensible -- JANUS: An example of an integrated, knowledge-based design environment -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- PART 2: METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS -- CHAPTER 2. MODELS OF MENTAL MODELS: AN ERGONOMIST - PSYCHOLOGIST DIALOGUE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- A starting point -- Knowledge representation -- Different approaches -- Pictures in the mind? -- Mental models within human factors -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 3. HOW TO T(R)AP USERS' MENTAL MODELS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Critical review of experimental methods for investigating users' models -- Five empirical studies on users' models -- Future work: process aspects of users' models -- References -- CHAPTER 4. MODELLING FOR ADAPTIVITY -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Why adaptive systems? -- A taxonomy of adaptivity -- What do adaptive systems need? -- How are adaptive systems to be built? -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 5. CONCURRENT USE OF DIFFERENT EXPERTIS EELICITATION METHODS APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF THE PROGRAMMING ACTIVITY -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- First approach by the researcher to the study object -- Example of results -- Study of the result of the activity: gathering programmers' knowledge -- Real time study of the programming activity -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References.

CHAPTER 6. ANALYSING COMPLEX TASKS WITH AN EXTENDED GOMS* MODEL -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- The extended GOMS* model -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 7. OBJECT-BASED ACTION PLANNING -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Modelling a system's functionality -- Modelling the system and the task world -- Complex task representation -- Modelling action planning -- Discussion -- References -- PART 3: EMPIRICAL RESULTS -- CHAPTER 8. DESIGN DECISIONS FOR A USER INTERFACE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Framework for the design of the metacommunicative aspects of user interface -- Functionality of a system for information retrieval -- Implementation of the user interface -- Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 9. MENTAL MODELS AND THE EVALUATION OF USER INTERFACES: A CASE-STUDY OF A LIBRARY SYSTEM -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Mental models -- Theoretical framework -- Implications -- The evaluation study -- Findings -- Discussion and conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 10. LEVEL OF EXPERIENCE IN TEXT-EDITING: THE ROLE OF MENTAL REPRESENTATIONS ON PERFORMANCE -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Method -- Results -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 11. HOW TO PREDICT USER PERFORMANCE AND USER PREFERENCE WITH DIFFERENT INTERACTION TECHNIQUES? -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Experimental variation -- Models -- TAG model -- GOMS model -- Model parameters -- Results -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 12. A SCHEMA-BASED MODEL OF PROGRAM UNDERSTANDING -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- A model of program understanding -- Understanding failures -- Understanding strategies -- Conclusion -- References -- PART 4: MENTAL MODELS IN DESIGN -- CHAPTER 13. COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL: PRODUCTION RULES AND LEXICAL NETS -- ABSTRACT -- General description of the search process -- Simulation of the lexical processes.

Description of the query formulation by a production system -- References -- CHAPTER 14. MODELLING THE USER INTERACTION METHODS IMPOSED BY DESIGNS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Method -- Initial modelling results -- Additional analysis -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 15. USABILITY TESTING: A PRACTICAL USE FOR MENTAL MODEL CONSTRUCTION -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- The telephone user and usage -- Mental models and representation -- Mental models in telephone usage -- Simulation of the telephone user -- Implementation -- Discussion -- References -- PART 5: MENTAL MODELS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE -- CHAPTER 16. PLAN RECOGNITION IN HCl: THE PARSING OF USER ACTIONS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Plan recognition and the grammatical approach -- A comparison of different parsing strategies -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 17. INDUCTIVE KNOWLEGDE ACQUISITION FOR A UNIX COACH -- ABSTRACT -- Intelligent user support based on task knowledge -- LEXITAS: a language for representing task knowledge -- The FINIX application -- Acquisition of task knowledge by induction -- Machine learning aspects -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 18. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF CONSTRUCTING A MENTAL MODEL WHEN LEARNING BY BEING TOLD, FROM EXAMPLES, AND BY EXPLORATION -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- The construction of a mental model -- Knowledge utilization -- Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 19. DOMAIN REPRESENTATION AND STUDENT MODELING IN A MICROWORLD FOR ELASTIC IMPACTS -- ABSTRACT -- DiBi: a microworld for elastic impacts -- Domain representation and student modeling -- References -- CHAPTER 20. KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION AS AN OBJECTORIENTED MODELLING PROCESS -- ABSTRACT -- Knowledge acquisition -- Object-oriented modelling of knowledge -- Metasystems -- Digester and Informant -- The ZOO metasystem.

Accommodation of meta-level knowledge using ZOO -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 21. ARISTOTELIAN SYLLOGISMS IN MENTAL MODELS -- ABSTRACT -- Introduction -- Description of the problem -- Representation of syllogisms by graphs -- Extension of the model -- References -- AUTHOR INDEX -- SUBJECT INDEX.

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