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Synthetic Biology : Metaphors, Worldviews, Ethics, and Law.

By: Material type: TextSeries: Publisher: Wiesbaden : Springer Vieweg. in Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, 2015Copyright date: ©2016Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (233 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9783658109882
Subject(s): Genre/Form: DDC classification:
  • 610.28
Online resources:
Contents:
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Swiss watches, genetic machines, and ethics An introduction to synthetic biology's conceptual and ethical challenges -- 1 Novelty and conceptual framing of emerging technologies -- 2 Synthetic biology, nanotechnology, and a conceptual challenge -- 3 Synthetic biology and existing GMO regulation -- 4 The synbio story, ethics, and the diversity of research approaches -- 5 A closing remark -- I Concepts, Metaphors, Worldviews -- Philosophy of Late-Modern Technology Towards a Clarifi cation and Classifi cation of Synthetic Biology -- 1 Two types of technology? -- 2 Clarifying the umbrella term 'synthetic biology' -- 3 Deficits of the three definitions -- 4 Towards a new technoscientific paradigm? -- 5 Late-modern technology -- 6 Self-organization and instability -- 7 Inherent ambivalence -- 8 Precursors: Jonas and Luhmann -- 9 Summary: Characterizing late-modern technology -- Synthetic Biology On epistemological black boxes, human selfassurance, and the hybridity of practices and values -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Epistemological black boxes -- 3 Anthropological implications: demiurgic self-assurance -- 4 Hybrid practices -- 5 Closing remarks: Towards a new theory of values in biotechnology -- Living Machines On the Genesis and Systematic Implications of a Leading Metaphor of Synthetic Biology -- 1 Historical Lines -- 2 Systematic-Ethical Explorations -- Production biology Elements and limits of an action paradigm in synthetic biology -- 1 The paradigm of production and engineering -- 2 Purposes and interim purposes -- 3 Durability and dependency -- 4 Anthropological aspects -- 5 Production biology -- 6 Tinkering production -- Creativity and technology Humans as co-creators -- 1 Introduction: Creating life and playing God? -- 2 Historically new - new life? -- 3 Collaborative working: creation as teamwork?.
4 Creativity and technology: Humans as co-creators -- The moral economy of synthetic biology -- 1 Moral economy as a heuristic tool -- 2 Subverting values and norms -- 3 Playfulness as a virtue -- Evaluating biological artifacts Synthetic cells in the philosophy of technology -- 1 Introduction - the value of life -- 2 The value of artifacts -- 3 The problematic first-person perspective on biological artifacts -- 4 Other intentional function theories -- 5 A third-person perspective on artifact creation -- 6 A consequentialist approach to a moral evaluation of artifacts -- 7 Sorting kinds of artifacts and biofacts with agentive functions -- 8 Conclusion -- II Public Good and Private Ownership. Social and Legal Ramifi cations -- Legal Aspects of Synthetic Biology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Areas of Conflict -- 2.1 Biosafety -- 2.2 Biosecurity -- 2.3 Biohacking -- 2.4 Freedom of research and publication -- 3 Synthetic Biology and Intellectual Property Rights/Patenting -- 4 Summary -- Synbio and IP rights: looking for an adequate balance between private ownership and public interest -- 1 Introduction -- 2 IP and Synbio. Exploring the issues -- 2.1 The moral issues -- 2.2 The technical issues -- 2.3 The utility issues -- 3 Stimulating cooperation, avoiding stalemate: time for politics and laws -- 3.1 Public property, compulsory licensing -- 3.2 Limiting the field of IP rights, avoiding trivial patents -- 3.3 Promoting open source -- 4 A final remark -- III Opportunities, Risks, Governance -- Beyond unity: Nurturing diversity in synthetic biology and its publics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Welcome to the Jungle -- 3 Disciplining Synthetic Biology -- 4 Multidisciplinary Community-Building: Nanotechnology -- 5 Non-Disciplinary Drivers of Synbio's Unification -- 5.1 Winning the Competition for Funding -- 5.2 Acquiring Capabilities for Successful Industrialization.
5.3 Structuring the Market -- 5.4 Anticipating and Guarding against a Public Backlash -- 6 Conclusion -- Synthetic Genome Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Synthetic Genome Technologies - methods and applications -- 2.1 Some relevant methods -- 2.2 Some current applications -- 3 Questions for further discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- Promising applications of synthetic biology - and how to avoid their potential pitfalls -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Opportunities -- 3 Potential pitfalls -- 4 Biological materials -- 4.1 Spider silk -- 4.2 Biological adhesives -- 4.3 Synthetic Nacre -- 4.4 Challenges to biological materials -- 5 Energy applications -- 5.1 Chemoautotrophic and (bio-) electrosynthetic approaches -- 5.2 Bio-electricity -- 6 Conclusion -- Synthetic biology's multiple dimensions of benefi ts and risks: implications for governance and policies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dimensions of benefits and risks -- 2.1 General issues associated with applications of SB: socioeconomics -- 2.2 Possible SB-specific issues: biosafety and biosecurity -- 2.3 Further conditions and aspects of SB development -- 3 Implications for governance and policies -- 3.1 Socioeconomics -- 3.2 Biosecurity -- 3.3 Biosafety -- 3.4 General policy aspects -- Contributors.
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Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Swiss watches, genetic machines, and ethics An introduction to synthetic biology's conceptual and ethical challenges -- 1 Novelty and conceptual framing of emerging technologies -- 2 Synthetic biology, nanotechnology, and a conceptual challenge -- 3 Synthetic biology and existing GMO regulation -- 4 The synbio story, ethics, and the diversity of research approaches -- 5 A closing remark -- I Concepts, Metaphors, Worldviews -- Philosophy of Late-Modern Technology Towards a Clarifi cation and Classifi cation of Synthetic Biology -- 1 Two types of technology? -- 2 Clarifying the umbrella term 'synthetic biology' -- 3 Deficits of the three definitions -- 4 Towards a new technoscientific paradigm? -- 5 Late-modern technology -- 6 Self-organization and instability -- 7 Inherent ambivalence -- 8 Precursors: Jonas and Luhmann -- 9 Summary: Characterizing late-modern technology -- Synthetic Biology On epistemological black boxes, human selfassurance, and the hybridity of practices and values -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Epistemological black boxes -- 3 Anthropological implications: demiurgic self-assurance -- 4 Hybrid practices -- 5 Closing remarks: Towards a new theory of values in biotechnology -- Living Machines On the Genesis and Systematic Implications of a Leading Metaphor of Synthetic Biology -- 1 Historical Lines -- 2 Systematic-Ethical Explorations -- Production biology Elements and limits of an action paradigm in synthetic biology -- 1 The paradigm of production and engineering -- 2 Purposes and interim purposes -- 3 Durability and dependency -- 4 Anthropological aspects -- 5 Production biology -- 6 Tinkering production -- Creativity and technology Humans as co-creators -- 1 Introduction: Creating life and playing God? -- 2 Historically new - new life? -- 3 Collaborative working: creation as teamwork?.

4 Creativity and technology: Humans as co-creators -- The moral economy of synthetic biology -- 1 Moral economy as a heuristic tool -- 2 Subverting values and norms -- 3 Playfulness as a virtue -- Evaluating biological artifacts Synthetic cells in the philosophy of technology -- 1 Introduction - the value of life -- 2 The value of artifacts -- 3 The problematic first-person perspective on biological artifacts -- 4 Other intentional function theories -- 5 A third-person perspective on artifact creation -- 6 A consequentialist approach to a moral evaluation of artifacts -- 7 Sorting kinds of artifacts and biofacts with agentive functions -- 8 Conclusion -- II Public Good and Private Ownership. Social and Legal Ramifi cations -- Legal Aspects of Synthetic Biology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Areas of Conflict -- 2.1 Biosafety -- 2.2 Biosecurity -- 2.3 Biohacking -- 2.4 Freedom of research and publication -- 3 Synthetic Biology and Intellectual Property Rights/Patenting -- 4 Summary -- Synbio and IP rights: looking for an adequate balance between private ownership and public interest -- 1 Introduction -- 2 IP and Synbio. Exploring the issues -- 2.1 The moral issues -- 2.2 The technical issues -- 2.3 The utility issues -- 3 Stimulating cooperation, avoiding stalemate: time for politics and laws -- 3.1 Public property, compulsory licensing -- 3.2 Limiting the field of IP rights, avoiding trivial patents -- 3.3 Promoting open source -- 4 A final remark -- III Opportunities, Risks, Governance -- Beyond unity: Nurturing diversity in synthetic biology and its publics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Welcome to the Jungle -- 3 Disciplining Synthetic Biology -- 4 Multidisciplinary Community-Building: Nanotechnology -- 5 Non-Disciplinary Drivers of Synbio's Unification -- 5.1 Winning the Competition for Funding -- 5.2 Acquiring Capabilities for Successful Industrialization.

5.3 Structuring the Market -- 5.4 Anticipating and Guarding against a Public Backlash -- 6 Conclusion -- Synthetic Genome Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Synthetic Genome Technologies - methods and applications -- 2.1 Some relevant methods -- 2.2 Some current applications -- 3 Questions for further discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- Promising applications of synthetic biology - and how to avoid their potential pitfalls -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Opportunities -- 3 Potential pitfalls -- 4 Biological materials -- 4.1 Spider silk -- 4.2 Biological adhesives -- 4.3 Synthetic Nacre -- 4.4 Challenges to biological materials -- 5 Energy applications -- 5.1 Chemoautotrophic and (bio-) electrosynthetic approaches -- 5.2 Bio-electricity -- 6 Conclusion -- Synthetic biology's multiple dimensions of benefi ts and risks: implications for governance and policies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dimensions of benefits and risks -- 2.1 General issues associated with applications of SB: socioeconomics -- 2.2 Possible SB-specific issues: biosafety and biosecurity -- 2.3 Further conditions and aspects of SB development -- 3 Implications for governance and policies -- 3.1 Socioeconomics -- 3.2 Biosecurity -- 3.3 Biosafety -- 3.4 General policy aspects -- Contributors.

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