Intro -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- 1. What is Artificial Intelligence?: Understanding What a Computer, an Algorithm, a Program, and, in Particular, an Artificial Intelligence Program Are -- Computer Science and Computers -- Computers and Algorithms -- Algorithms and Computer Science -- The All-Purpose Machine -- Programs that Make Programs -- And Where Does Artificial Intelligence Fit in All This? -- A Machine That Learns? -- Obey, I Say! -- Attention: One Program Can Conceal Another! -- So, What Is AI? -- Reference -- 2. The Turing Test: Understanding That It Is Difficult to Measure the Intelligence of Computers -- What Is Intelligence? -- A Test, But Which One? -- And Then There Was Turing! -- It Chats... -- A Chatbot Named Eliza -- It's Controversial Too! -- My Computer and I Are Not Alike! -- 3. Why Is It So Difficult?: Understanding There Are Limitations to What a Machine Can Calculate -- Limitations of Computers -- A Real Headache -- Counting Operations -- This Is Getting Complex -- Squaring the Circle? -- 4. Lost in the Woods: Understanding a First Principles of AI Method -Exploration -- A Small Walk in Paris -- How a GPS Works -- Finding the Path -- It Is More Difficult Than It Looks -- The Adventurers of the Lost Graph -- So Easy! -- It's a Win-Win -- Computer Science in Three Questions -- A Clever Algorithm -- AI Is Here! -- A Head in the Stars -- The Best Is the Enemy of the Good -- Roughly Speaking, It's That Way! -- Follow the Crows -- There's a Trick! -- 5. Winning at Chess: Understanding How to Build Heuristics -- A Short History of AI -- A New Challenge -- An Old Algorithm -- From Theory to Practice -- Another Limit to Computers? -- Checkmate, von Neumann! -- The Return of Minimax -- A Heuristic to Win at Chess -- Easier Said Than Done.

A Disappointing Victory -- 6. The Journey Continues: Understanding That One Graph Can Conceal Another -- On the Intelligence of Machines -- A Very Particular Traveler -- A Healthy Walk -- A Really Difficult Problem... -- The Greedy Algorithm -- At Least, It's Fast! -- Come On, We Can Do Better! -- The Solution Space -- One Graph Can Conceal Another! -- Space Exploration -- 7. Darwin 2.0: Understanding How to Explore Space as a Group -- Natural Selection -- Computing Herds -- You've Got to Start Somewhere -- Two Beautiful Children! -- A Little More Randomness -- So, What Is This Good For? -- This Doesn't Solve Everything, However -- 8. Small but Strong: Understanding How Ants Find Their Way -- Multi-Agent Systems -- The Algorithm and the Ant -- Just Like in the Ant Colony -- Calculating a Path With Ants -- The More the Merrier! -- The Solution Emerges -- The Solution to All Our Problems? -- 9. A Bit of Tidying Up: Understanding How a Machine Learns to Classify -- Find the Odd One Out! -- From Animals to Genes -- Let's Do Some Sorting -- It's All a Matter of Distance -- Starting Over Again and Again -- There Is No Right Solution -- To Each Its Own Method -- So, Where's the Learning in All This? -- Joy and Good Humor! -- 10. Taking an AI by the Hand: Understanding That a Good Example Is Often Better Than a Long Explanation -- Ask the Program! -- From Data to Programs -- An Example Is Better Than a Long Explanation -- The Adventure Begins -- Much Ado About Nothing? -- From Image to Data -- How About We Take the Train? -- It's Logic! -- Tell Me What You Read, and I'll Tell You Who You Are -- From Symbolic to Numeric -- 11. Learning to Count: Understanding What Statistical Learning Is -- New and Old Alike? -- Riddle Me This -- Trees Again -- A Bit of Prediction -- Lots of Examples, Lots of Variables -- Too Much, It's Too Much! -- The Kitties Return.

The Mathematics of Artificial Intelligence -- Too Much Class! -- Keep Straight -- The SVM Strikes Back -- Intelligent, Did You Say Intelligent? -- Careful, Don't Swallow the Kernel! -- 12. Learning to Read: Understanding What a Neural Network Is -- Draw Me a Neuron -- More Triangles -- Just a Little Fine Tuning -- A Long Learning Process -- Where Did My Brain Go? -- One More Layer! -- Network Success -- One More Small Break -- 13. Learning as You Draw: Understanding What Deep Learning Is -- Are Video Games Bad for Your Health? -- Parallel Computing -- The Return of the Neural Networks -- Why Add More? -- The Crux of the Problem -- The Achievements of Deep Learning -- Watch Out for Tricks! -- To Each His Own Method -- 14. Winning at Go: Understanding What Reinforcement Learning Is -- The Quest for the Grail -- A Bit of Calculation -- Want to Play Again? -- Red, Odd, and Low! -- No Need To Be Stubborn -- A Bit of Reinforcement -- Stronger Than Ever! -- Step by Step -- Playing Without Risk -- Give Me the Data! -- 15. Strong AI: Understanding AI's Limitations -- Strong AI -- General Intelligence -- Artificial Consciousness -- An Uncertain Future -- How Far Can We Go? -- 16. Is There Cause for Concern?: Understanding That AI Can Be Misused -- Autonomous Systems? -- Misuse of AI -- AI Serving People -- Explaining, Always Explaining -- 17. To Infinity and Beyond!: Understanding That AI Has Good Days Ahead -- Where Are We Going? -- Doing Like Humans? -- Even More AI! -- James Allen -- John McCarthy and Patrick Hayes -- Richard Fikes, Nils Nilsson, and Drew McDermott -- Christopher Watkins, Leslie Kaelbling, and Michael Littman -- Robert Kowalski, Alain Colmerauer, and Philippe Roussel -- Edward Feigenbaum -- Lotfi Zadeh -- Allen Newell -- Judea Pearl -- Richard Richens, John Sowa, and Ronald Brachman -- Deborah McGuinness -- Acknowledgments -- They made AI.

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