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Today, the need to reduce both greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions is a challenge for the entire energy sector. Efforts to address this challenge have led to both the introduction of new technologies and improvements to the most widely used traditional ones. Among the latter, internal combustion engines (ICEs) provide about 25% of the world power today. In particular, the entire transport sector is largely based on this technology. Transitioning from ICEs to combustion-less technologies poses significant technical and economic challenges, making it unlikely that ICEs will be phased out soon. Therefore, enhancing their sustainability is crucial. In this scenario, this Special Issue collects studies focused on the following topics: the use of new fuels for ICEs for both automotive and railway applications, testing of additives for ICEs fed with conventional fuels, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation applied to the analysis and design of ICE components.

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