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Aquatic macrophytes and algae play a significant role in improving water quality and inhibiting microalgal blooms. Simultaneously, they can provide critical habitats and foraging grounds for aquatic animals, effectively maintaining the stability of ecosystems and biodiversity levels. Therefore, aquatic macrophytes and algae are often used in the restoration of intertidal zones, lakes, and river ecosystems. Conversely, some aquatic macrophytes and algae in natural ecosystems form dominant species, triggering large-scale ecological disasters such as green tides and golden tides, having a significant impact on the management and sustainable development of regional ecosystems. The dual nature of aquatic macrophytes and algae, as both beneficial and potentially problematic components of aquatic ecosystems, underscores the complexity of their ecological roles. Understanding these roles requires a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach, which is precisely what this Reprint aims to facilitate. To address this need, this Reprint establishes an inclusive platform for scholarly discourse on the ecology of macrophytes and algae, including various living environments of macrophytes and algae, systematically exploring their interactions with diverse habitats (marine, coastal zones, and climate-vulnerable ecosystems) through interdisciplinary lenses encompassing biology, systematics, environmental science, and aquaculture management.

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