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The quality of surface and groundwater is one of the most important elements of water systems around the world. Over-exploration, urbanization, climate change, and anthropogenic activities are linked to water degradation and lead to extreme threats for wildlife at a local or global scale. Various remediation techniques have recently been introduced in the literature, representing a significant research trend. Recently, novel approaches such as machine learning, remote sensing, and optimization methods have been used extensively by different researchers to monitor, control, maintain, and remediate contaminants. Additionally, there has been a specific trend in contaminant-based research topics to meet the Sustainable Development Goals. Although there is a clear increase in the number of studies in this area of study, topics such as PFAS, contaminant management, and medical contaminants have been overlooked or have received less attention. Thus, this Special Issue has been designed to focus on the different aspects of contaminant hydrology and groundwater remediation with an emphasis on novel methods. More specifically, the main purpose of this Special Issue is to introduce, apply, and compare different novel and cutting-edge facets of science in the area of surface and groundwater contamination.

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