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Primary and secondary osteoarthritis, post-traumatic and oncological sequelae, severe joint malalignments and articular avascular necrosis have always represented challenging management problems for orthopaedic surgeons and traumatologists. The bone tissue loss, characteristic of these clinical pictures, has conditioned operational choices in favour of more invasive and sometimes disabling interventions. Often, the poor quality or quantity of the bone substance does not allow for standard prosthetic devices to be implanted or requires large amounts of cadaveric or autologous bone grafts, with related risks and complications. Today, thanks to technological improvement in terms of planning and implants, the possibilities of joint reconstruction and replacement, as well as of treatment for malalignments and loss of periarticular bone substance, have been considerably extended. This reprint aims to retrace the clinical experience of leading authors in the field of joint and extrarticular procedures, as well as to summarize the state of the art treatment of some of the most complex orthopedic conditions. The remarkable success of this Special Issue forced us to be selective in the choice of the best works and the result is extremely positive and interesting. As Guest Editors, we are, therefore, proud to present this Reprint of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, a reliable and prominent journal, committed to scientific divulgation across many medical fields.

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