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The Erlangen sanatorium and nursing home was the site of "euthanasia" crimes during the Nazi era. From here, over 900 disabled and mentally ill people were transported to killing centers, and many hundreds more fell victim to so-called "starvation diets" and structural neglect in the later years of the war. Three factors were specific to the Erlangen institution: its function as an interim institution, its location in the heart of the city, and its close structural connection to the Erlangen University Psychiatry Department – ​​the events taking place were visible to the city's society and the employees and members of the University of Erlangen. This volume presents the initial results of a multi-year joint research project between the Institute for the History and Ethics of Medicine at the FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg and the Erlangen City Archives. Based on a systematic survey of largely previously unexamined archival sources, the events behind the institution's walls are presented and analyzed in their medical, communal, and public context. Particular attention is paid to the victims, who, in addition to their individual fate, also exhibit group biographical characteristics.

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