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The aim of this reprint is to explore the pivotal role of plant secondary metabolites in the abiotic stress response. When exposed to environmental adversities such as drought, salinity, heavy metal pollution, and ultraviolet radiation, plants activate intricate defense mechanisms, resulting in the synthesis of antioxidant compounds like flavonoids, phenolic acids, and gamma-aminobutyric acid. This reprint delves into the genetic regulation and biochemical pathways underlying the biosynthesis of these compounds, shedding light on their functional significance in the stress response. Overall, through featuring cutting-edge research and insights from leading experts, this reprint explores the diversity, synthesis, and accumulation of secondary metabolites under stress conditions. By unraveling these molecular processes, we aim to provide a foundation for developing innovative strategies to enhance crop tolerance, improve plant health, and promote sustainable agricultural practices.

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