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Since 2008, more people worldwide have been living in cities than in rural areas and the end of this form of urbanization is far from imminent. This development began as early as the Renaissance with the conception of so-called Ideal Cities. However, only a small number of these were actually built, and their conception generally carried a utopian element. The present volume navigates the tension between the real urban world and utopian counter-designs. For the first time, it encompasses a broad range of literary visions of the city, alongside art historical, artistic, architectural, and environmental theoretical designs. The volume goes beyond mere urban motifs, such as Metropolis or Babylon in expressionist film or literature of the 1920s. The city is consistently examined here with a focus on the future and the possibilities of change and innovation.

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